{"id":6073,"date":"2023-06-06T15:39:59","date_gmt":"2023-06-06T15:39:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/mise-au-point-dindicateurs-culturels-afin-de-surveiller-la-maladie-de-degenerescence-du-kauri-a-aotearoa-nouvelle-zelande\/"},"modified":"2023-07-18T15:30:58","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T15:30:58","slug":"mise-au-point-dindicateurs-culturels-afin-de-surveiller-la-maladie-de-degenerescence-du-kauri-a-aotearoa-nouvelle-zelande","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/mise-au-point-dindicateurs-culturels-afin-de-surveiller-la-maladie-de-degenerescence-du-kauri-a-aotearoa-nouvelle-zelande\/","title":{"rendered":"Mise au point d\u2019indicateurs culturels afin de surveiller la maladie de d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri \u00e0 Aotearoa\/Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h3>La d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri est une maladie fongique mortelle limit\u00e9e \u00e0 Aotearoa\/Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande qui a tu\u00e9 des milliers d\u2019arbres kauri au cours des dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. La d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri a \u00e9t\u00e9 formellement identifi\u00e9e en avril 2008.<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]La d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri est une maladie fongique mortelle limit\u00e9e \u00e0 Aotearoa\/Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande qui a tu\u00e9 des milliers d\u2019arbres kauri au cours des dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. La d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri a \u00e9t\u00e9 formellement identifi\u00e9e en avril 2008. Son origine et le moment de son arriv\u00e9e \u00e0 Aotearoa\/Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande sont encore inconnus, mais des donn\u00e9es portent \u00e0 croire qu\u2019elle serait arriv\u00e9e de l\u2019\u00e9tranger. Cette hypoth\u00e8se est fond\u00e9e sur la faible variation g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de la population malade, et sur sa pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour les temp\u00e9ratures du sol \u00e9lev\u00e9es, qui laissent supposer une origine plus tropicale.<span id='easy-footnote-1-6073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/mise-au-point-dindicateurs-culturels-afin-de-surveiller-la-maladie-de-degenerescence-du-kauri-a-aotearoa-nouvelle-zelande\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-6073' title='Kia Toitu He Kauri. Kauri Dieback. Origin and current locations. at &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http:\/\/www.kauridieback.co.nz\/kauri-dieback\/origin-and-current-locations&quot;&gt;http:\/\/www.kauridieback.co.nz\/kauri-dieback\/origin-and-current-locations&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;gt;'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span> Il n\u2019existe \u00e0 ce jour aucun traitement.<\/p>\n<p>Les kauri sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme une esp\u00e8ce <em>taonga<\/em> par de nombreux Maori : une esp\u00e8ce r\u00e9put\u00e9e \u00eatre un moyen de connexion aux croyances spirituelles et au mode de vie de leurs anc\u00eatres Un collectif de repr\u00e9sentants d&rsquo;entit\u00e9s maori avec des for\u00eats de kauri a cr\u00e9\u00e9 <em>Tangata<\/em> Whenua Roopu (TWR), qui appartient \u00e0 un programme conjoint sur la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri et comprend des recherches sur la d\u00e9tection de la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri, des m\u00e9thodes pour la contr\u00f4ler et des campagnes de sensibilisation pour aider \u00e0 mettre fin \u00e0 sa propagation. Le programme a \u00e9tabli un cadre m\u00e9thodologique bas\u00e9 sur la culture pour surveiller l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des <em>ngahere<\/em> (for\u00eats) de kauri.<\/p>\n<p>Ce cadre adopte une approche \u00e9cosyst\u00e9mique holistique au kauri (<em>\u00ab<\/em> <em>ngahere<\/em> <em>\u00bb<\/em>) qui tient compte de facteurs externes au kauri. Une application primordiale de cette m\u00e9thodologie est l\u2019\u00e9laboration d\u2019indicateurs culturels de sant\u00e9, y compris d\u2019indicateurs qualitatifs et mesurables (quantitatifs) qui pouvaient \u00eatre reproduits et dupliqu\u00e9s. Les indicateurs \u00e9taient con\u00e7us pour d\u00e9terminer l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des for\u00eats de kauris dans diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions, pour anticiper ou pr\u00e9dire la pr\u00e9sence de la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri, et pour identifier les arbres ou les for\u00eats de kauri r\u00e9sistants qui n&rsquo;\u00e9taient pas sensibles \u00e0 la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri. Les indicateurs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une approche <em>matauranga<\/em> maori<span id='easy-footnote-2-6073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/mise-au-point-dindicateurs-culturels-afin-de-surveiller-la-maladie-de-degenerescence-du-kauri-a-aotearoa-nouvelle-zelande\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-6073' title='\u00ab Matauranga Maori peut \u00eatre d\u00e9fini comme \u00ab les savoirs ou la compr\u00e9hension de toute chose visible et invisible existant dans l\u2019univers \u00bb, et est souvent employ\u00e9 comme un synonyme de sagesse. Dans le monde contemporain, la d\u00e9finition est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e9largie pour inclure les savoirs actuels, historiques, locaux et traditionnels, les syst\u00e8mes de transmission et de conservation des savoirs, et les objectifs, aspirations et probl\u00e8mes selon une perspective autochtone \u00bb \/ Landcare Research. Manaaki Whenua. What is Matauranga M\u0101ori? at &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http:\/\/www.landcareresearch.co.nz\/about\/sustainability\/voices\/matauranga-maori\/what-is-matauranga-maori&quot;&gt;http:\/\/www.landcareresearch.co.nz\/about\/sustainability\/voices\/matauranga-maori\/what-is-matauranga-maori&lt;\/a&gt;&amp;gt;'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span> inscrite dans un cadre scientifique compl\u00e9mentaire.<\/p>\n<p>Des entretiens approfondis avec des sp\u00e9cialistes des <em>ngahere<\/em> de kauris (for\u00eats de kauris) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9s, afin de mettre au point une s\u00e9rie de valeurs qui ont orient\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9laboration d\u2019indicateurs et de recommandations pour le programme de surveillance. Un formulaire de relev\u00e9 sur site et un mod\u00e8le d\u2019application mobile de collecte de donn\u00e9es ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finis. s. De plus, un projet de recherche bas\u00e9 sur la fa\u00e7on dont la Matauranga Maori <em>rongoa<\/em> (utilisation m\u00e9dicinale des plantes) peut \u00eatre utile pour la sant\u00e9 des kauri ou des for\u00eats de kauri a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9. S\u2019il aboutit, il pourrait apporter des connaissances et\/ou des outils \u00e0 utiliser dans les recherches futures ainsi qu\u2019\u00e9ventuellement dans la lutte contre la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri, soit \u00e0 travers l\u2019utilisation d\u2019un contr\u00f4le biologique, soit en d\u00e9veloppant la r\u00e9sistance et en am\u00e9liorant la sant\u00e9 des <em>for\u00eats<\/em> de kauri[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; 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width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1642070653817{margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 12px !important;border-left-color: #000000 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1689693930203{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbimagecaption\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h6>Un kauri infect\u00e9<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1689693806040{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Auteure\/Auteur<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Tir\u00e9 de Shortland (2011) et Roopu (2013)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1689693741271{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>\u00c9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>For\u00eats temp\u00e9r\u00e9es<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1689693714863{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Th\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Conservation et utilisation durable<\/li>\n<li>Cartographie et suivi<\/li>\n<li>Savoirs, culture et spiritualit\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1689693729088{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Type<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Forme courte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1641997994984{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Date<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Cette \u00e9tude de cas fait partie de LBO-1, initialement publi\u00e9 en 2016.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pour les peuples maori, les kauris les relient \u00e0 leurs croyances spirituelles, et ils ont \u00e9tabli un cadre pour surveiller la sant\u00e9 des kauris.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":6093,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"acf":{"latitude":-35.595946830167719,"longitude":173.52665439564703,"topic":["Conservation and sustainable use","Mapping and monitoring","Knowledge, culture and spirituality"],"ecosystem":"temperate","region":"The Pacific","form":"short","edition":"LBO-1"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mise au point d\u2019indicateurs culturels afin de surveiller la maladie de d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri \u00e0 Aotearoa\/Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande - Local Biodiversity Outlooks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du kauri est une maladie fongique mortelle limit\u00e9e \u00e0 Aotearoa\/Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande qui a tu\u00e9 des milliers d\u2019arbres kauri au cours des dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. 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