{"id":6025,"date":"2023-06-06T10:09:30","date_gmt":"2023-06-06T10:09:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/associer-la-surveillance-et-les-notifications-communautaires-de-la-pollution-par-les-hydrocarbures-a-la-mise-en-oeuvre-des-dispositions-relatives-a-lenvironnement-le-programme-de-surveillan\/"},"modified":"2023-07-18T14:08:35","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T14:08:35","slug":"associer-la-surveillance-et-les-notifications-communautaires-de-la-pollution-par-les-hydrocarbures-a-la-mise-en-oeuvre-des-dispositions-relatives-a-lenvironnement-le-programme-de-surveillan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/associer-la-surveillance-et-les-notifications-communautaires-de-la-pollution-par-les-hydrocarbures-a-la-mise-en-oeuvre-des-dispositions-relatives-a-lenvironnement-le-programme-de-surveillan\/","title":{"rendered":"Associer la surveillance et les notifications communautaires de la pollution par les hydrocarbures \u00e0 la mise en \u0153uvre des dispositions relatives \u00e0 l\u2019environnement : le Programme de surveillance territoriale de FECONACO"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0″ bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ bottom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb0″ bottom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n

L\u2019exploitation p\u00e9troli\u00e8re dans le bassin du fleuve Corrientes au nord du P\u00e9rou a d\u00e9but\u00e9 avec les activit\u00e9s d’Oxy[Occidental Petroleum Corporation] et de Petroperu [Petr\u00f3leos del Per\u00fa S.A.] il y a plus de quarante ans, sur le territoire des peuples autochtones achuar et urarina, sans leur consentement.<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]L\u2019exploitation p\u00e9troli\u00e8re dans le bassin du fleuve Corrientes au nord du P\u00e9rou a d\u00e9but\u00e9 avec les activit\u00e9s d’Oxy[Occidental Petroleum Corporation] et de Petroperu [Petr\u00f3leos del Per\u00fa S.A.] il y a plus de quarante ans, sur le territoire des peuples autochtones achuar et urarina, sans leur consentement. t. La pollution qui en a r\u00e9sult\u00e9 a affect\u00e9 la sant\u00e9 des communaut\u00e9s natives, des animaux et des poissons. On trouve par exemple des lacs enti\u00e8rement contamin\u00e9s, o\u00f9 tous les poissons sont morts. La contamination est due \u00e0 la rupture des vannes des conduites ou des conduites m\u00eames employ\u00e9es dans le processus d’exploitation, ou au d\u00e9bordement des puits de stockage des eaux us\u00e9es. Les communaut\u00e9s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 atteintes de nombreuses maladies, mais ne savaient pas pourquoi. En septembre 2013, <\/span>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span> l\u2019\u00e9tat d\u2019urgence environnementale a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9, en partie gr\u00e2ce au plaidoyer de FECONACO[the representative political organisation of the native communities of the River Corrientes] et \u00e0 son programme de surveillance de l\u2019environnement. Aujourd\u2019hui, nous poursuivons notre combat contre la pollution par les hydrocarbures.<\/p>\n

Activit\u00e9s du Programme de surveillance territoriale<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le Programme de surveillance territoriale r\u00e9pertorie les incidents environnementaux et signale les entreprises responsables \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9tat. Il y a actuellement 19 surveillants de l\u2019environnement, \u00e9lus par les communaut\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Moi je suis un Achuar, d\u2019une communaut\u00e9 situ\u00e9e dans le Lot huit. En tant que coordinateur du Programme de surveillance territoriale, je suis responsable de la planification des travaux et de la coordination des zones \u00e0 visiter chaque mois. Les surveillants autochtones identifient les sites contamin\u00e9s (par ex. les lagons, les ravins) et prennent note des coordonn\u00e9es GPS. Sur la base de ces informations, un rapport est r\u00e9dig\u00e9 et transmis \u00e0 l’OEFA [Peruvian government’s Agency for Environmental Assessment and Enforcement]. L\u2019OEFA envoie des enqu\u00eateurs, qui sont emmen\u00e9s vers les zones contamin\u00e9es par les surveillants de l\u2019environnement afin de pr\u00e9lever des \u00e9chantillons \u00e0 analyser en laboratoire.<\/p>\n

Depuis 2004, nous avons pu identifier de nombreuses mar\u00e9es noires et incidents [par exemple des fuites de pipelines, des fuites de puits de stockage, des d\u00e9versements d\u2019eaux us\u00e9es].<\/strong><\/p>\n

Depuis 2004, nous avons pu identifier de nombreuses mar\u00e9es noires et incidents [par exemple des fuites de pipelines, des fuites de puits de stockage, des d\u00e9versements d\u2019eaux us\u00e9es]. Au vu de la situation, l’\u00e9tat d’urgence environnementale a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9, en partie gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’appui de notre Programme de surveillance territoriale.<\/p>\n

Le manque de ressources pour la formation des surveillants de l\u2019environnement a repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 un grand d\u00e9fi pour le programme. \u00c0 l\u2019avenir, il est pr\u00e9vu, dans le cadre du programme, que les surveillants autochtones de l\u2019environnement pr\u00e9l\u00e8vent directement des \u00e9chantillons de terre et d\u2019eau, et que le programme dispose de son propre bureau avec un acc\u00e8s \u00e0 internet, afin de pouvoir signaler plus facilement les probl\u00e8mes de contamination. La surveillance autochtone de l\u2019environnement a \u00e9t\u00e9 primordiale pour produire des preuves et faire entendre nos exigences, qui sont les suivantes :<\/p>\n

    \n
  • de l’eau potable pour les communaut\u00e9s : si les communaut\u00e9s ne disposent pas de puits avec de l’eau trait\u00e9e, elles sont contraintes de continuer \u00e0 boire de l’eau contamin\u00e9e et continueront de mourir ;<\/li>\n
  • La mise en \u0153uvre de pratiques \u00e9prouv\u00e9es pour pr\u00e9venir la pollution de l\u2019environnement. Par exemple, remplacer les anciens tubes (de nombreuses sections remontent aux ann\u00e9es soixante-dix), am\u00e9liorer les puits de stockage des eaux us\u00e9es, etc. ;<\/li>\n
  • la r\u00e9habilitation des sites contamin\u00e9s : l\u2019\u00c9tat s\u2019est engag\u00e9 \u00e0 le faire, mais \u00e0 ce jour rien n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 entrepris ;<\/li>\n
  • le versement de compensations \u00e0 FECONACO pour tous les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts occasionn\u00e9s et pour l\u2019utilisation de la terre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb 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    De nombreuses mar\u00e9es noires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 constat\u00e9es et document\u00e9es par les surveillants autochtones Photo : FECONACO<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1689689293621{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
    Auteure\/Auteur<\/strong><\/h5>\n
      \n
    • Wilson Sandi Hualinga, coordinateur, Programme de surveillance territoriale de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des communaut\u00e9s natives
      \ndu fleuve Corrientes (FECONACO), P\u00e9rou<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1641997973135{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
      \u00c9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n
        \n
      • For\u00eats tropicales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1689688811237{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
        Th\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n
          \n
        • Cartographie et suivi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1689688828080{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
          Type<\/strong><\/h5>\n
            \n
          • Forme courte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1641997994984{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
            Date<\/strong><\/h5>\n
              \n
            • Cette \u00e9tude de cas fait partie de LBO-1, initialement publi\u00e9 en 2016.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Les communaut\u00e9s autochtones signalent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9tat p\u00e9ruvien les r\u00e9gions o\u00f9 l\u2019extraction p\u00e9troli\u00e8re a caus\u00e9 une pollution et la destruction des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":6024,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"acf":{"latitude":-2.1897943855262572,"longitude":-75.164275378521182,"topic":["Mapping and monitoring"],"ecosystem":"tropical","region":"Central and South American, Caribbean","form":"short","edition":"LBO-1"},"yoast_head":"\nAssocier la surveillance et les notifications communautaires de la pollution par les hydrocarbures \u00e0 la mise en \u0153uvre des dispositions relatives \u00e0 l\u2019environnement : le Programme de surveillance territoriale de FECONACO - 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