{"id":5003,"date":"2022-10-17T14:41:48","date_gmt":"2022-10-17T14:41:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/changement-climatique-et-souverainete-alimentaire-dans-larctique\/"},"modified":"2022-10-17T16:35:52","modified_gmt":"2022-10-17T16:35:52","slug":"changement-climatique-et-souverainete-alimentaire-dans-larctique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/changement-climatique-et-souverainete-alimentaire-dans-larctique\/","title":{"rendered":"Changement climatique et souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire dans l\u2019Arctique"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0″ bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0″ bottom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb0″ bottom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n

Le bureau du Inuit Circumpolar Council <\/span>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span> en Alaska a promu un projet qui examine ce qui entrave ou appuie la souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire et la gouvernance autonome des Inuit. En 2019, dans le cadre de ce travail, 24 d\u00e9tenteurs de connaissances autochtones inuit se sont r\u00e9unis pour un atelier consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire et \u00e0 la gouvernance autonome dans l\u2019Arctique.<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Tout au long des discussions, les participants ont soulign\u00e9 combien les r\u00e9gimes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques de plus en plus impr\u00e9visibles affectent la chasse et la cueillette, et les probl\u00e8mes que posent des r\u00e8glementations qui ne s\u2019adaptent pas aux changements en cours.
\nLes conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques ne correspondent plus aux p\u00e9riodes de r\u00e9colte traditionnelles. Par exemple, il est important de p\u00eacher le saumon lorsque la m\u00e9t\u00e9o est propice au s\u00e9chage de la viande et avant que les mouches n\u2019arrivent. L\u2019augmentation r\u00e9cente des pr\u00e9cipitations lors d\u2019une p\u00e9riode autrefois connue pour \u00eatre s\u00e8che exige une adaptation des p\u00e9riodes de prise. Dans d\u2019autres cas, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de ne pas proc\u00e9der \u00e0 la prise parce qu\u2019il n\u2019\u00e9tait pas possible de la transformer sans d\u00e9chets. Par exemple, une communaut\u00e9 a pris la d\u00e9cision de ne pas p\u00eacher le b\u00e9luga, parce que l\u2019animal ne pouvait pas \u00eatre transform\u00e9 suffisamment rapidement par des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Les participants ont \u00e9galement fait part de leurs exp\u00e9riences concernant l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 plus restreinte aux sources alimentaires \u00e0 cause du changement climatique : en un an, quatre communaut\u00e9s d\u2019Alaska ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les prises \u00e9taient catastrophiques, parce qu\u2019elles n\u2019ont pas pu acc\u00e9der au morse \u00e0 cause des conditions de la glace en mer. Pour d\u2019autres repr\u00e9sentants des communaut\u00e9s, l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la nourriture a diminu\u00e9 \u00e0 cause de l\u2019\u00e9rosion (impossibilit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e9der aux lieux de chasse ou disparition de ces lieux, recul des terrains de chasse, et d\u00e9placement), gel tardif, d\u00e9gel pr\u00e9coce, changement dans les mouvements de la glace, et conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques non s\u00fbres.<\/p>\n

Les participants ont indiqu\u00e9 que m\u00eame avec le changement, il est important de comprendre que les animaux ont des cycles (prise en compte de l\u2019abondance, du mouvement, etc.). Comme un participant l\u2019a indiqu\u00e9, \u00ab certaines ann\u00e9es, la saison \u00e9tait assez bonne. Et certaines ann\u00e9es, il semble que tout a disparu. \u00bb D\u2019autres participants ont not\u00e9 l\u2019importance de comprendre et d\u2019utiliser nos savoirs et nos r\u00e8gles. Par exemple, lorsque les animaux s\u2019offrent et qu\u2019ils ne sont pas pris, leur nombre diminuera. Ou lorsque des animaux ne sont pas respect\u00e9s, ils ne s\u2019offriront pas.<\/p>\n

Tout au long de la r\u00e9union, les participants ont soulign\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019inclure les savoirs autochtones et de disposer de structures de gestion partag\u00e9e plus solides, afin d\u2019avoir une r\u00e9ponse holistique et adaptative aux changements qui se produisent.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb 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S\u00e9chage du saumon en Alaska, une activit\u00e9 affect\u00e9e par le changement des conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques, qui ne correspondent plus aux p\u00e9riodes traditionnelles de prise. Photo : Karen Kasmauski.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1666017221039{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
Auteure\/Auteur<\/strong><\/h5>\n
    \n
  • Inuit Circumpolar Council<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1666017233203{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
    \u00c9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n
      \n
    • L’Arctique<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1666017244706{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
      Th\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n
        \n
      • Alimentation<\/li>\n
      • Savoirs, culture et spiritualit\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1666017255994{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
        Type<\/strong><\/h5>\n
          \n
        • Forme courte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1666017264158{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n
          Date<\/strong><\/h5>\n
            \n
          • Cette \u00e9tude de cas fait partie de LBO-2, publi\u00e9 \u00e0 l’origine en 2020.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Le changement climatique exige des efforts concert\u00e9s de la part des d\u00e9tenteurs de savoirs autochtones inuit pour que les r\u00e9coltes soient bonnes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":5004,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"acf":{"latitude":67.888729465504852,"longitude":-164.5777336917981,"topic":["Food","Knowledge, culture and spirituality"],"ecosystem":"arctic","region":"The Arctic","form":"short","edition":"LBO-2"},"yoast_head":"\nChangement climatique et souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire dans l\u2019Arctique - Local Biodiversity Outlooks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le changement climatique exige des efforts concert\u00e9s de la part des d\u00e9tenteurs de savoirs autochtones inuit pour que les r\u00e9coltes soient bonnes.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/changement-climatique-et-souverainete-alimentaire-dans-larctique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Changement climatique et souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire dans l\u2019Arctique - 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