{"id":3409,"date":"2022-03-23T10:44:35","date_gmt":"2022-03-23T10:44:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/le-peuple-baiga-vit-avec-la-terre-inde-centrale\/"},"modified":"2022-05-31T16:56:37","modified_gmt":"2022-05-31T16:56:37","slug":"le-peuple-baiga-vit-avec-la-terre-inde-centrale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/le-peuple-baiga-vit-avec-la-terre-inde-centrale\/","title":{"rendered":"Le peuple Baiga vit avec la Terre, Inde centrale"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h3>Nous, les Baiga Adivasis autochtones d\u2019Inde centrale, avons v\u00e9cu aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de la for\u00eat, en permettant \u00e0 sa diversit\u00e9 biologique de se r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rer. L\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 notre utilisation coutumi\u00e8re durable de la for\u00eat riche en diversit\u00e9 biologique comme source de vie est toutefois menac\u00e9 par l\u2019exploitation foresti\u00e8re et mini\u00e8re, l\u2019\u00e9cotourisme et d\u2019autres objectifs commerciaux qui s\u2019emparent de nos jungles.<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Nous sommes consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme une Tribu particuli\u00e8rement vuln\u00e9rable parmi les plus de 100 millions de personnes autochtones tribales que compte l\u2019Inde. Parmi les communaut\u00e9s adivasi vuln\u00e9rables, le pourcentage d\u2019enfants sous-aliment\u00e9s souffrant d\u2019un retard de croissance et d\u2019\u00e9maciation est parmi les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s du monde, puisque l\u2019on nous \u00e9loigne de nos sources durables et riches en diversit\u00e9 biologique de produits pour l\u2019alimentation, la sant\u00e9, des abris et des moyens de subsistance.<\/p>\n<p>Afin de pr\u00e9server nos sources de vie riches en diversit\u00e9 biologique, nos communaut\u00e9s bohil et sarhapathra baiga \u00e0 Pandariya, dans le district de Kabirdham dans l\u2019\u00c9tat de Chhattisgarh, ont \u00e9labor\u00e9 des protocoles communautaires bioculturels (indiqu\u00e9s ci-dessous) concernant notre utilisation coutumi\u00e8re durable et la conservation de la diversit\u00e9 biologique, nos r\u00e9gimes fonciers coutumiers et nos occupations traditionnelles.<\/p>\n<p>Notre village est situ\u00e9 sur un terrain montagneux. Notre source principale de subsistance est bas\u00e9e sur la cueillette dans la for\u00eat et <em>Bewar<\/em>, notre syst\u00e8me de culture itin\u00e9rante ancien. De la jungle, nous rapportons de nombreux types de feuilles de 42 esp\u00e8ces comestibles, \u00e9galement certains p\u00e9tales de fleurs. Nous trouvons d\u2019autres feuilles sur des terres mar\u00e9cageuses. Nous avons \u00e9galement une technique pour les pr\u00e9server. 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1648028542928{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbimagecaption\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h6>Femmes baiga ramassant des feuilles. Photo : ephotocorp.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1648028522442{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Auteure\/Auteur<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Adiwasi Samta Manch<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1641997973135{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>\u00c9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>For\u00eats tropicales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1648028575278{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Th\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Alimentation<\/li>\n<li>Savoirs, culture et spiritualit\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1648028607302{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Type<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Forme courte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1648028625679{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Date<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Cette \u00e9tude de cas fait partie de LBO-2, publi\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine en 2020.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1654014600619{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbimagecaption\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h6>Amla fruit. Photo : Moushumi Basu<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Nous connaissons 93 plantes m\u00e9dicinales que nous trouvons dans la jungle pour gu\u00e9rir ou pr\u00e9venir diff\u00e9rents probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 de l\u2019estomac, de la respiration, de la digestion, du paludisme, de la fi\u00e8vre, des contractions veineuses, des douleurs li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019accouchement, des douleurs aux articulations, des morsures de serpent, des fractures osseuses et des maladies des animaux domestiques. Mais de nombreuses plantes m\u00e9dicinales ont d\u00e9sormais disparu. Nous sommes maintenant en train de faire rena\u00eetre et restaurer certaines d\u2019entre elles. La jungle est notre centre de m\u00e9decine naturelle. Certains emploient le terme \u00ab <em>Baiga<\/em>\u00bb \u00e9galement comme terme g\u00e9n\u00e9rique pour les gu\u00e9risseurs autochtones.<\/p>\n<p>La r\u00e9colte de produits forestiers non ligneux dans la for\u00eat constitue le fondement de nos moyens d\u2019existence. Notre jungle nous donne plusieurs fruits de 35 esp\u00e8ces identifi\u00e9es et 17 esp\u00e8ces de champignons. Notre terre sous la for\u00eat nous fournit diff\u00e9rents types de racines tub\u00e9reuses de 28 esp\u00e8ces comestibles, principalement sauvages. Toutes les cordes, ustensiles verts, balais et colliers sont fabriqu\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de feuilles. La terre, le bois, l\u2019herbe et le bambou que nous collectons pour construire les maisons, les cl\u00f4tures et les toits en paille. Nous utilisons la terre \u00e9galement pour nettoyer les murs, le bois pour les outils, et le bambou pour les paniers et les objets artisanaux. Quatorze esp\u00e8ces de bois de la jungle sont mieux prot\u00e9g\u00e9es lorsqu\u2019elles sont entre nos mains.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/6&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1654014674295{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbimagecaption\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h6>Un cultivateur \u00e0 Bohil. Photo : Ossi Kakko<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Sur nos terres et dans nos for\u00eats, nous pratiquons le <em>Bewar<\/em>, ou cultures itin\u00e9rantes, qui rend notre plan\u00e8te plus riche en diversit\u00e9 biologique. Le <em>Bewar<\/em>produit 33 cultures c\u00e9r\u00e9ali\u00e8res, des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de millets, lentilles, graines ol\u00e9agineuses, racines et autres l\u00e9gumes savoureux et nutritifs. Le <em>Bewar<\/em>reconna\u00eet que la terre est un \u00eatre vivant et pas un \u00eatre inanim\u00e9, il garantit la conservation de sa fertilit\u00e9. Autrefois, nous utilisions uniquement le <em>Bewar<\/em>, la cueillette des produits de la for\u00eat et la chasse. L\u2019ensemble du village \u00e9tait entour\u00e9 de for\u00eats denses et profondes lorsque nous \u00e9tions les seuls \u00e0 les g\u00e9rer. D\u00e9sormais \u00e0 cause de restrictions impos\u00e9es par le gouvernement, qui a coup\u00e9 et d\u00e9plac\u00e9 des for\u00eats riches en diversit\u00e9 biologique, le <em>Bewar<\/em>a \u00e9t\u00e9 supprim\u00e9 et seule la chasse de quelques oiseaux et la p\u00eache de certains poissons sont autoris\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Nous ne pouvons pas vivre sans la jungle, donc autrefois nous avions l\u2019habitude de nous rendre \u00e0 certains endroits avec des for\u00eats denses et souvent ces lieux \u00e9taient en pente et montagneux, donc pour survivre nous utilisions le <em>Bewar<\/em>. Nous avons appris de nos anc\u00eatres que, comme nous, la terre a besoin de se reposer. En laissant la terre en jach\u00e8re pendant au moins trois ans de suite, le <em>Bewar<\/em>la laisse se reposer. 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Photo : Ossi Kakko<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que nos droits de conserver nos vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de plantes alimentaires bas\u00e9es sur le <em>Bewar<\/em>et riches en diversit\u00e9 biologique sont menac\u00e9s, il est important plus que jamais de r\u00e9tablir notre <em>Bewar.<\/em> Autrefois, nous tirions suffisamment de produits du <em>Bewar<\/em>et nous achetions uniquement du sel et des v\u00eatements. Aujourd\u2019hui, nous devons acheter d\u2019autres produits qui ne sont ni savoureux ni nutritifs. Ce que nous obtenons sur le march\u00e9 ce sont des produits qui ne sont pas naturels qui nous exposent aux maladies. Le <em>Bewar<\/em>est beaucoup mieux et nous ne tombons pas malade apr\u00e8s avoir mang\u00e9. M\u00eame si nous n\u2019avons pas d\u2019argent, nous sommes heureux et largement satisfaits. En \u00e9changeant ce que les <em>Baigas<\/em>tirent de la for\u00eat, ils obtiennent de nombreux produits du march\u00e9 sans argent, et une bonne partie du travail que nous r\u00e9alisons est effectu\u00e9 collectivement, comme la fabrication de cabanes ou maisons ou toits, sans salaires en esp\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n<p>Notre existence est inextricablement li\u00e9e \u00e0 la jungle, depuis la nuit des temps. Nous ne pouvons pas imaginer une vie sans la jungle et nous en tirons notre identit\u00e9. 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1654014952886{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbimagecaption\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h6>Culture itin\u00e9rante. Photo : Moushumi Basu<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Afin de sauvegarder la diversit\u00e9 de la vie sur Terre, nous d\u00e9terrons les racines et les plantes m\u00e9dicinales et pr\u00e9levons les graines et les fruits uniquement \u00e0 maturit\u00e9, et en laissons une partie afin qu\u2019elles puissent repousser. Nous prot\u00e9geons la jungle contre les incendies de for\u00eat et la \u00ab mafia \u00bb de la for\u00eat, et veillons \u00e0 ne prendre que ce qui permet de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 nos besoins de subsistance, en en laissant suffisamment pour les oiseaux et d\u2019autres \u00eatres vivants.<\/p>\n<p>De notre naissance \u00e0 notre mort (et dans la vie apr\u00e8s la mort \u00e9galement), notre terre, la jungle, avec sa diversit\u00e9 biologique, joue un r\u00f4le omnipr\u00e9sent et d\u00e9finit notre identit\u00e9 et notre existence. Nous ne nous consid\u00e9rons jamais comme les propri\u00e9taires des for\u00eats, mais nous pensons que notre identit\u00e9 et notre existence sont li\u00e9es \u00e0 la for\u00eat.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 Bohil et Sarhapathra, nous sommes des \u00ab <em>Bhumiyas<\/em> \u00bb, des personnes qui appartiennent \u00e0 la Terre, des gardiens de la vie sur la Terre. La for\u00eat est notre maison dans laquelle nous vivons, travaillons et passons le plus clair de notre temps. Nous ne pouvons pas vivre sans la jungle, mais nous avons un lien \u00e9troit \u00e0 la jungle avec ses diversit\u00e9s biologiques, de notre naissance \u00e0 notre mort. Avant qu\u2019une femme ne donne naissance, des racines de <em>Maibell<\/em>lui sont donn\u00e9es \u00e0 m\u00e2cher, pour d\u00e9velopper l\u2019immunit\u00e9 et g\u00e9rer la douleur Apr\u00e8s la naissance, on lui donne des produits du <em>Bewar<\/em>pendant cinq jours.<\/p>\n<p>Nous avons v\u00e9cu en r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rant la diversit\u00e9 de la vie sur Terre sans la d\u00e9placer. Notre utilisation coutumi\u00e8re durable et la conservation de la diversit\u00e9 de la vie sont pr\u00e9serv\u00e9s par notre r\u00e9gime coutumier et nos occupations traditionnelles<strong>.<\/strong> Mais nous craignons que des personnes venues de l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur ne viennent et prennent nos ressources naturelles, et aillent m\u00eame jusqu\u2019\u00e0 nous expulser<\/p>\n<p>Puisque certains n\u2019aiment pas notre <em>Bewar<\/em>, nous devons d\u2019abord cesser de craindre de r\u00e9aliser le <em>Bewar.<\/em> Le gouvernement devrait reconna\u00eetre notre <em>Bewar<\/em>et le garantir, puisqu\u2019il est bon pour la conservation de la diversit\u00e9 biologique des cultures et des plantes sauvages, et permet \u00e9galement \u00e0 de jeunes pousses d\u2019\u00e2ges diff\u00e9rents de pousser c\u00f4te \u00e0 c\u00f4te pendant la jach\u00e8re, lorsqu\u2019on permet une itin\u00e9rance et une rotation. Il promeut des cultures riches en diversit\u00e9 biologique, exemptes d\u2019engrais chimiques et de pesticides qui provoquent plusieurs types de maladies et des aliments insipides.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9sormais il nous reste tr\u00e8s peu de terre, et peu de place pour effectuer une rotation, nous pouvons laisser la terre en jach\u00e8re sur une seule parcelle et y revenir tous les 3 \u00e0 4 ans. Autrefois nous passions d\u2019un village \u00e0 un autre, mais d\u00e9sormais ce n\u2019est plus possible. Sans terre ad\u00e9quate pour le <em>Bewar<\/em>, nous devons compl\u00e9ter notre production alimentaire par des champs labour\u00e9s et des cultures moins riches en diversit\u00e9 biologique.<\/p>\n<p>Le gouvernement devrait nous aider \u00e0 rendre notre for\u00eat plus riche en diversit\u00e9 biologique et en produits forestiers non-ligneux, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 nos plans de gestion des for\u00eats. Il devrait reconna\u00eetre nos pratiques traditionnelles de subsistance, nos comp\u00e9tences et nos savoirs traditionnels comme notre propri\u00e9t\u00e9 collective, et respecter notre Protocole bioculturel communautaire conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 ses engagements internationaux.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00ab Ce dont les personnes ont besoin pour vivre en harmonie avec la Terre et pour sauvegarder la diversit\u00e9 de sa vie, ce sont des droits de vivre en r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rant. \u00bb<span id='easy-footnote-1-3409' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/le-peuple-baiga-vit-avec-la-terre-inde-centrale\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-3409' title='Voir les protocoles communautaires bioculturels bohil et sarhapathra : Adivasi, (n.d.) \u00ab Biocultural documents \u00bb. Disponible sur : &lt;a href=&quot;http:\/\/adivasi-info.net\/Biocultural_Documents.html&quot;&gt;http:\/\/adivasi-info.net\/Biocultural_Documents.html&lt;\/a&gt;'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/blockquote>\n<p>Cette pr\u00e9sentation de la contribution des communaut\u00e9s baiga \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation durable et \u00e0 la conservation de la diversit\u00e9 biologique aborde en particulier les questions relatives \u00e0 l\u2019objectif 18 d\u2019Aichi sur la fa\u00e7on dont l\u2019utilisation coutumi\u00e8re durable et la conservation de la diversit\u00e9 biologique peuvent \u00eatre promues par des r\u00e9gimes fonciers coutumiers et des occupations traditionnelles comme la cueillette, les cultures itin\u00e9rantes et l\u2019artisanat. Mais elle aborde \u00e9galement la contribution des Baigas sur la base de leurs exp\u00e9riences de vie pour prot\u00e9ger, r\u00e9gir et g\u00e9rer leurs terres et for\u00eats, conform\u00e9ment aux objectifs 1, 5, 7, 8, 11\u201316 d&rsquo;Aichi et aux ODD 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 11, 12 et 15.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/6&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dans le centre de l&rsquo;Inde, la vie et les sources de nourriture des populations autochtones Baiga Adivasi sont menac\u00e9es.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3410,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"acf":{"latitude":22.220900737768307,"longitude":81.40966388638337,"topic":["Food","Knowledge, culture and spirituality"],"ecosystem":"tropical","region":"Asia","form":"short","edition":"LBO-2"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.1 - 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