{"id":18215,"date":"2026-04-28T00:15:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T00:15:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/redynamisation-des-systemes-alimentaires-autochtones-a-besao-dans-la-mountain-province-aux-philippines\/"},"modified":"2026-04-28T12:50:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T12:50:07","slug":"redynamisation-des-systemes-alimentaires-autochtones-a-besao-dans-la-mountain-province-aux-philippines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/fr\/redynamisation-des-systemes-alimentaires-autochtones-a-besao-dans-la-mountain-province-aux-philippines\/","title":{"rendered":"Redynamisation des syst\u00e8mes alimentaires autochtones \u00e0 Besao, dans la Mountain Province, aux Philippines"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb top_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; bottom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h3>Jusque dans les ann\u00e9es 1980, le peuple payew de la Mountain Province, aux Philippines, \u00e9tait en grande partie auto-suffisant pour son alimentation, et exportait m\u00eame son exc\u00e9dent de bananes et de riz. Tous ses intrants agricoles venaient de son domaine ancestral et les quelques <em>kadangyan<\/em>, ou personnes avec plus de terres, importaient de la main d&rsquo;\u0153uvre d\u2019autres communaut\u00e9s.<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Ceci a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en lumi\u00e8re lorsque l\u2019Organisation des agriculteurs autochtones payew a men\u00e9 sa recherche aupr\u00e8s de la communaut\u00e9 en 2022\u20132023, avec le soutien de Partners for Indigenous Knowledge Philippines (PIKP).<\/p>\n<p>Des donn\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 recueillies par quatre jeunes m\u00e8res, qui se sont entretenues avec leurs anciens.<\/p>\n<p>Actuellement, la communaut\u00e9 payew importe toutes sortes de produits alimentaires, ainsi que des aliments pour animaux et des produits agrochimiques.<\/p>\n<p>Ses aliments proviennent des fermes cultiv\u00e9es :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>les <em>baangan<\/em> \u2013 fermes avec des zones r\u00e9sidentielles<\/li>\n<li>les <em>payew <\/em>\u2013 fermes rizicoles irrigu\u00e9es<\/li>\n<li>les <em>um-a <\/em>\u2013 terres agricoles soumises \u00e0 rotation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Toutes ces fermes constituent \u00e9galement des habitats, avec une grande biodiversit\u00e9 sur les terres rizicoles, qui abritent des plantes aquatiques, semi-aquatiques et non-aquatiques, ainsi que des animaux.[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=\u00a0\u00bbNo Line\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1776776978146{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbimagecaption\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h6>Champs de riz en terrasses \u00e0 Besao, aux Philippines. Un paysage culturel de montagne \u00e9troitement li\u00e9 aux villages voisins, fournissant une alimentation locale \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des lieux de vie. Des pratiques telles que l\u2019engrais vert contribuent \u00e0 maintenir la fertilit\u00e9 des sols et la production agricole. Photo: PIKP.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1770199587695{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Auteure\/Auteur<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Partners for Indigenous Knowledge Philippines (PIKP)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1770202291605{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>\u00c9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>For\u00eats tropicales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1776776294213{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Th\u00e8mes<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Alimentation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1770202378801{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Type<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Forme courte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1770202741993{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Date<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Cette \u00e9tude de cas a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e en juillet 2024 dans le rapport intitul\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/transformativepathways.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Philippines-IPBSAP-October-2024.pdf\"><em data-start=\"196\" data-end=\"235\"><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">The Philippine Indigenous Peoples Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/a> (IPBSAP).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1776776813774{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb el_class=\u00a0\u00bbimagecaption\u00a0\u00bb]\n<h6>Les <em>payew<\/em>, ou rizi\u00e8res irrigu\u00e9es. Les rizi\u00e8res inond\u00e9es forment un syst\u00e8me \u00e9cologique interconnect\u00e9 o\u00f9 l\u2019eau, les nutriments et la vie aquatique circulent entre les parcelles voisines, soutenant \u00e0 la fois la productivit\u00e9 et la biodiversit\u00e9. Photo: PIKP.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]La communaut\u00e9 tire les autres aliments des for\u00eats, dans les<em> batangan<\/em> (pin\u00e8des) et les <em>pagpag<\/em> (for\u00eats de feuillus) ; alors que les poissons, escargots et crabes viennent des <em>ginawang<\/em> (rivi\u00e8res).<\/p>\n<p>La fertilit\u00e9 des sols est pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce aux engrais verts \u2013 <em>lubok<\/em> dans les <em>baangan<\/em> ; <em>suwat<\/em> sur les terres rizicoles irrigu\u00e9es \u2013 la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation poussant dans les fermes alentour \u00e9tant \u00e9pandue sur les sols.<\/p>\n<p>Le compostage est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 dans l\u2019enclos \u00e0 cochons. La moiti\u00e9 environ de l\u2019enclos est occup\u00e9e par le fumier de cochon, o\u00f9 tous les d\u00e9chets biod\u00e9gradables de la cuisine sont d\u00e9pos\u00e9s et ajout\u00e9s \u00e0 la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation coup\u00e9e autour du logement, alors que les tournesols et les foug\u00e8res viennent d\u2019ailleurs. Chaque ann\u00e9e, cette fosse \u00e0 compost est vid\u00e9e dans les <em>baangan<\/em> et sur les terres rizicoles. Les mati\u00e8res organiques du sol sont connues pour l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 et de la taille des fruits, des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales, des fruits \u00e0 coque et des l\u00e9gumes, en particulier des l\u00e9gumes \u00e0 tubercule comme la pomme de terre.<\/p>\n<p>Avec les <em>um-a<\/em>, la communaut\u00e9 laisse la nature restaurer la fertilit\u00e9 des sols en laissant la terre se reposer pendant plusieurs ann\u00e9es avant de la cultiver de nouveau. Ou alors elle la laisse se restaurer d\u2019elle-m\u00eame et r\u00e9int\u00e9grer la for\u00eat.<\/p>\n<p>Les valeurs et les pratiques du partage des connaissances, des semences et des r\u00e9coltes, ainsi que des soins \u00e0 apporter au sol, \u00e0 la for\u00eat et aux rivi\u00e8res sont enracin\u00e9es dans le syst\u00e8me alimentaire traditionnel.<\/p>\n<p>Plusieurs facteurs, externes et internes, ont affaibli ces pratiques autochtones, en particulier avec la promotion puis l\u2019adoption large de l\u2019agriculture moderne, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par les monocultures et l\u2019utilisation d\u2019engrais de synth\u00e8se et de pesticides issus de la p\u00e9trochimie. Ceci a cr\u00e9\u00e9 une d\u00e9pendance, entra\u00een\u00e9 un changement de r\u00e9gime alimentaire, et peut avoir contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019apparition de maladies inconnues des anciens de la communaut\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Organisation des agriculteurs autochtones payew a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de redynamiser son syst\u00e8me de production alimentaire autochtone, et la protection coutumi\u00e8re de plusieurs parties de son territoire. La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape a consist\u00e9 \u00e0 redynamiser et renforcer les <em>suwat<\/em> et <em>lubok<\/em>. Elle a mis en place des innovations dans la production de bio-engrais pour alimenter le sol vivant et r\u00e9tablir sa fertilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Elle s\u2019est \u00e9galement engag\u00e9e \u00e0 mettre sur pied des sites d\u2019apprentissage pour ses membres et pour l\u2019ensemble de la municipalit\u00e9 de Besao, afin de redynamiser et d\u00e9velopper ses syst\u00e8mes alimentaires autochtones.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; 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