{"id":4955,"date":"2022-10-05T14:36:06","date_gmt":"2022-10-05T14:36:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/?p=4955"},"modified":"2026-02-16T17:56:34","modified_gmt":"2026-02-16T17:56:34","slug":"como-un-grupo-indigena-en-el-lejano-oriente-de-rusia-lucho-para-proteger-sus-tierras-la-creacion-del-parque-nacional-bikin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/es\/como-un-grupo-indigena-en-el-lejano-oriente-de-rusia-lucho-para-proteger-sus-tierras-la-creacion-del-parque-nacional-bikin\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo un grupo ind\u00edgena en el Lejano Oriente de Rusia luch\u00f3 para proteger sus tierras: la creaci\u00f3n del Parque Nacional Bikin"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00bbfull_width_background\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb top_padding=\u00bb0&#8243; bottom_padding=\u00bb12px\u00bb top_padding_tablet=\u00bb0&#8243; bottom_padding_tablet=\u00bb12px\u00bb top_padding_phone=\u00bb0&#8243; bottom_padding_phone=\u00bb12px\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb shape_type=\u00bb\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h3><span class=\"TextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\">El Parque <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW20131184 BCX0\">Nacional Bikin,<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\">un \u00e1rea de 1 160 469 hect\u00e1reas en el Lejano Oriente de la Federaci\u00f3n Rusa,<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentStart SCXW20131184 BCX0\">es el mayor bosque antiguo<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\"> protegido de la zona pre-templada de Eurasia. El bosque se encontraba bajo una gran amenaza de destrucci\u00f3n por parte de las empresas extractivas, pero una peque\u00f1a comunidad ind\u00edgena logr\u00f3 hacer frente tanto a las empresas como a las autoridades rusas para crear el primer Parque Nacional Ruso manejado conjuntamente por pueblos ind\u00edgenas. <\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><span class=\"TextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\">A continuaci\u00f3n escuchamos a Pavel<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW20131184 BCX0\">Sulyandziga<\/span>, <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\">un activista ind\u00edgena y miembro del<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\">grupo ind\u00edgena<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW20131184 BCX0\">Udege<\/span> originario del bosque <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW20131184 BCX0\">Bikin<\/span>, <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\">que desempe\u00f1\u00f3 un papel fundamental en la creaci\u00f3n del parque, y a<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW20131184 BCX0\">Polina Shulbaeva,<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW20131184 BCX0\">quien es la Coordinadora Ind\u00edgena de Rusia para el Foro Ind\u00edgena Internacional sobre Biodiversidad (IIFB).<\/span> <\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW20131184 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong><em>Pavel \u2014<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nuestro parque es \u00fanico ya que podemos vivir en \u00e9l y utilizar la tierra, y creo que gran parte de nuestro \u00e9xito se debe a la unidad del pueblo Udege. Otros pueblos ind\u00edgenas deben entender que la situaci\u00f3n depende completamente de ellos. Deben luchar y esforzarse por convencer a las autoridades de que compartan el poder con ellos y no se limiten a adoptar un papel subordinado.  <\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Nuestra tierra es un \u00e1rea extremadamente atractiva para las empresas, especialmente para la producci\u00f3n de madera y la extracci\u00f3n de oro. En la d\u00e9cada de los a\u00f1os 70, antes de que se convirtiera en un parque nacional, una parte del bosque Bikin fue vendido a Hyundai, la empresa automotriz de Corea del Sur, para que pudieran utilizar sus recursos. En esa \u00e9poca, mi pueblo consist\u00eda de ocho grupos Udege que viv\u00edan a lo largo de diferentes r\u00edos dentro del parque. Sin embargo, despu\u00e9s de la llegada de la empresa, cuatro grupos dejaron de existir.  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><em>La desaparici\u00f3n de estos cuatro grupos Udege no fue un genocidio,<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>no los mataron, simplemente desaparecieron. Se desaparecieron porque los \u00e1rboles fueron destruidos, y sin el r\u00edo o el bosque no pudieron sobrevivir. <\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Cuando esto sucedi\u00f3 tomamos la decisi\u00f3n de luchar por nuestra tierra, nuestro bosque de tigres, de lo contrario correr\u00edamos la misma suerte que esos cuatro grupos de Udege.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/4&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb top_margin=\u00bb-70&#8243; top_margin_tablet=\u00bb-70&#8243; top_margin_phone=\u00bb-70&#8243; column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/4&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1642070653817{margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 12px !important;border-left-color: #000000 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1642010418035{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1771262428413{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>El Parque Nacional de Bikin, creado en 2015, es el bosque virgen protegido m\u00e1s grande de la zona pre-templada de Eurasia. Cr\u00e9dito: Alexander Hitrov\/WWF Russia.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1663341965905{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Autora\/Autor<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Pavel Sulyandziga, activista ruso por los derechos de los ind\u00edgenas, de nacionalidad udege.<\/li>\n<li>Polina Shulbaeva, Centro de Apoyo a los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas del Norte\/Foro Internacional Ind\u00edgena sobre Biodiversidad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1662980031162{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Ecosistemas<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Bosques boreales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1662980794721{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Temas<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Conservaci\u00f3n y uso sostenible<\/li>\n<li>Conocimientos, cultura y uso sostenible<\/li>\n<li>Gobernanza<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641997861150{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Tipo<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Forma larga<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1662980827193{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Fecha<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Este estudio de caso forma parte de LBO-2, publicado originalmente en 2020. Las actualizaciones y las entrevistas se realizaron en 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h2>La historia y la creaci\u00f3n del Parque Nacional Bikin<\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbfull_width_content\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00bb35px\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb shape_type=\u00bb\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][nectar_gmap map_type=\u00bbleaflet\u00bb zoom=\u00bb4&#8243; marker_style=\u00bbnectar\u00bb color=\u00bbextra-color-2&#8243; leaflet_map_greyscale=\u00bb1&#8243; map_center_lat=\u00bb46.30943920104107&#8243; map_center_lng=\u00bb133.9840894823973&#8243; map_markers=\u00bb46.30943920104107 | 133.9840894823973&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb shape_type=\u00bb\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]<strong><em>Pavel \u2014 <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Logramos expulsar a la empresa Hyundai de nuestras tierras mediante varios procedimientos judiciales, en los que fuimos representados por un asesor legal y un abogado de California que ten\u00eda experiencia trabajando por los derechos ind\u00edgenas en Estados Unidos. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">En 1991, tambi\u00e9n logr\u00e9 reunirme con Boris Yeltsin, en ese momento el jefe de la Corte Suprema de la Uni\u00f3n Sovi\u00e9tica, y lo invit\u00e9 a que viniera a nuestra tierra y viera los problemas a los que nos enfrentamos. Transmiti\u00f3 el asunto a sus diputados y su asesor tom\u00f3 la decisi\u00f3n de suspender todo el trabajo en el territorio Bikin. A pesar de esto, las empresas siguieron tratando adue\u00f1arse de nuestras tierras.  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cIncluso cuando tenemos leyes en Rusia para proteger los derechos ind\u00edgenas, esto no quiere decir que la ley funcionar\u00e1\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h6>Polina Shulbaeva<\/h6>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Desde entonces y hasta el 2007, hab\u00eda mucha gente que quer\u00eda adue\u00f1arse de nuestro territorio: algunas empresas dedicadas a la producci\u00f3n de madera, a la explotaci\u00f3n maderera y, sobre todo, a la extracci\u00f3n de oro. Las empresas intentaron negociar con nosotros para hacernos cambiar de opini\u00f3n, pero no dimos nuestro consentimiento. Fue una lucha de 20 a\u00f1os, pero conseguimos proteger nuestra tierra de esta manera.   <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641900511477{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1771262443513{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>Parque Nacional Bikin. Cr\u00e9dito: Alexander Hitrov\/WWF Russia.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb shape_type=\u00bb\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]<span data-contrast=\"auto\">En el 2007, la tierra del bosque Bikin se puso en subasta. Hubo siete postores, incluidos nosotros mismos, y los otros seis fueron todos grandes empresas o negocios. Creo que pueden imaginar lo dif\u00edcil que fue para nosotros competir con ellos. Pero decidimos utilizar algunos mecanismos para ayudarnos.    <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"-\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{\"335551671\":0,\"335552541\":1,\"335559684\":-2,\"335559685\":720,\"335559991\":360,\"469769226\":\"Calibri\",\"469769242\":[8226],\"469777803\":\"left\",\"469777804\":\"-\",\"469777815\":\"hybridMultilevel\"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"0\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">En primer lugar, estaba el protocolo de Kioto, que obliga a los pa\u00edses desarrollados a reducir sus emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Las empresas que licitaban emiten muchos contaminantes, mientras que las personas pertenecientes al pueblo Udege no. Esta era una ventaja que ten\u00edamos.   <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"-\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{\"335551671\":0,\"335552541\":1,\"335559684\":-2,\"335559685\":720,\"335559991\":360,\"469769226\":\"Calibri\",\"469769242\":[8226],\"469777803\":\"left\",\"469777804\":\"-\",\"469777815\":\"hybridMultilevel\"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"0\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tambi\u00e9n entramos en negociaciones con Alemania y un banco alem\u00e1n, con el apoyo del WWF. Ya que no pudimos recaudar el dinero necesario para ganar la subasta, el banco alem\u00e1n dijo que nos dar\u00eda el dinero para arrendar la tierra del Gobierno ruso en forma de subvenci\u00f3n. Pero incluso con el dinero que ofrec\u00edan, a\u00fan no pod\u00edamos competir con los presupuestos de estas grandes empresas.   <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"-\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{\"335551671\":0,\"335552541\":1,\"335559684\":-2,\"335559685\":720,\"335559991\":360,\"469769226\":\"Calibri\",\"469769242\":[8226],\"469777803\":\"left\",\"469777804\":\"-\",\"469777815\":\"hybridMultilevel\"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"0\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">En ese momento, yo era miembro del Foro Permanente de las Naciones Unidas para las Cuestiones Ind\u00edgenas. Le dije a las autoridades federales rusas que si vend\u00edan nuestro territorio a una empresa, acudir\u00eda a las Naciones Unidas y declarar\u00eda que se estaba produciendo un genocidio contra nuestro pueblo. El gobierno de Mosc\u00fa orden\u00f3 entonces a las autoridades locales que entregaran las tierras al pueblo Udege. El d\u00eda que se celebr\u00f3 la licitaci\u00f3n, las empresas comerciales retiraron sus ofertas y ganamos las tierras con la ayuda de nuestros patrocinadores.    <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A pesar de que finalmente obtuvimos la titularidad legal de nuestra tierra, con el tiempo se produjo una degradaci\u00f3n de nuestra comunidad y de la administraci\u00f3n Udege que manejaba las tierras. Algunas personas empezaron a vender partes de las tierras a empresas y empresarios privados, y tambi\u00e9n comenz\u00f3 a presentarse la caza ilegal. Algunos miembros de la administraci\u00f3n comenzaron a caer en pr\u00e1cticas corruptas y la gente ten\u00eda miedo de hablar en contra de ellos porque ten\u00edan la autoridad para confiscar sus tierras.   <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641900511477{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1663341563777{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>El Primer Ministro ruso Vladimir Putin con Pavel Sulyandziga, primer vicepresidente de la Asociaci\u00f3n de Minor\u00edas \u00c9tnicas Ind\u00edgenas de Rusia. Cr\u00e9dito: Archivo fotogr\u00e1fico del Gobierno ruso. <\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]<span data-contrast=\"auto\">Entonces me lleg\u00f3 la oferta de asumir el cargo de Presidente del Parque Nacional. Reun\u00ed un peque\u00f1o grupo de personas que no ten\u00edan miedo de hablar en contra de la administraci\u00f3n Udege y empezamos a discutir qu\u00e9 hacer. Y comprendimos que la creaci\u00f3n de un parque nacional era una de las soluciones de  <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">compromiso que nos ayudar\u00eda a alcanzar nuestro objetivo y a la vez satisfacer tanto a las empresas como al Gobierno. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Empezamos a negociar. Presentamos siete exigencias para el parque nacional, que pens\u00e1bamos que iban a ser muy dif\u00edciles de aceptar; tendr\u00edan que cambiar la legislaci\u00f3n rusa para permitirnos continuar con nuestro modo de vida tradicional en el parque. Pero, para nuestra sorpresa, aceptaron todas nuestras demandas.   <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">En el 2015, Vladimir Putin firm\u00f3 la orden para la creaci\u00f3n del Parque Nacional Bikin, y fue creado con el manejo conjunto y propiedad entre el Estado ruso y el pueblo Udege.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Establecimos el Comit\u00e9 \u00c9tnico Udege, y aunque al principio la comunidad estaba en contra de la idea de un parque nacional, conseguimos convencerla. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<h5><em><b>\u201cLa creaci\u00f3n de un Parque Nacional no era la mejor soluci\u00f3n, pero era la \u00fanica posible. No es perfecta, pero funciona\u201d. <\/b> <\/em><\/h5>\n<h2 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">El tigre siberiano<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559738\":40,\"335559739\":0,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><i>Pavel \u2014<\/i> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Es importante se\u00f1alar que el presidente y su administraci\u00f3n cumplieron con nuestras demandas de crear un parque nacional, no porque quisieran ayudar al pueblo Udege, sino por los tigres que viven en el bosque Bikin. En 2010 se celebr\u00f3 una cumbre en San Petersburgo para proteger a los tigres, y Vladimir Putin, el presidente en ese momento, tuvo que demostrar que estaba trabajando para proteger al raro tigre siberiano de Amur. <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbfull_width_content\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb top_padding=\u00bb28px\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb4891&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb el_class=\u00bbborder\u00bb margin_top_phone=\u00bb0&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1642007166464{margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 12px !important;border-left-color: #000000 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641900511477{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1663341605373{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>Tigre siberiano de Amur captado por una c\u00e1mara trampa en el Parque Nacional Bikin. Cr\u00e9dito: WWF Rusia. <\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]<span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alrededor del 10% de la poblaci\u00f3n de tigres siberianos de Amur, en peligro de extinci\u00f3n, vive en el parque Bikin, por lo que era un \u00e1rea clave para ayudar a protegerlos. La poblaci\u00f3n de tigres estaba disminuyendo en ese entonces debido a toda la industria y porque <\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">hay una gran demanda de tigres en la atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica oriental: muchas personas intentan matarlos y cazarlos para hacer medicinas<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span> <span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Nosotros, los Udege, logr\u00e1bamos mantener alejada a la industria, y de esta forma nuestro aire y nuestras tierras se mantuvieron puros para que los tigres pudieran vivir con \u00e9xito y en paz. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<h5><em><b>El Gobierno cre\u00f3 el parque nacional para los tigres, no para la gente. Pero nos conven\u00eda entonces y por eso aceptamos.  <\/b> <\/em><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">El tigre es uno de los animales sagrados del <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">pueblo Udege. El tigre es uno de los animales sagrados del pueblo Udege. Como Udege, nuestra creencia es que si alguien mata un tigre habr\u00e1 un castigo enorme y el tigre se vengar\u00e1. Es un pecado enorme, y no ser\u00e1 perdonado por los dioses. Nunca se ha presentado la situaci\u00f3n en que una persona Udege haya sido castigada por un tigre, porque los percibimos como nuestro hermanos, y no los cazamos. No tocamos a los tigres y ellos no nos tocan a nosotros, as\u00ed es como funciona.    <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<h2 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">La estrategia Udege<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559738\":40,\"335559739\":0,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><i>Pavel \u2014<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00bfCu\u00e1l fue el secreto para que logr\u00e1ramos resistir? Hay 1700 personas Udege repartidas en cuatro aldeas. Un gran Estado o una gran empresa hubiera podido aplastarnos. Sin embargo, veo varios factores por los cuales logramos crear el Parque Nacional Bikin:  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"-\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{\"335551671\":0,\"335552541\":1,\"335559684\":-2,\"335559685\":720,\"335559991\":360,\"469769226\":\"Calibri\",\"469769242\":[8226],\"469777803\":\"left\",\"469777804\":\"-\",\"469777815\":\"hybridMultilevel\"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"0\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lo Unidad del pueblo Udege <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Acordamos que estar\u00edamos junto y unidos, que cualquier problema que tuvi\u00e9ramos deber\u00eda ser resuelto de manera conjunta. Si yo estuviera solo, o si fu\u00e9ramos 10 o 100, nos meter\u00edan en la c\u00e1rcel o nos matar\u00edan, les resultar\u00eda f\u00e1cil. Pero el Estado no pod\u00eda matarnos a todos. Las autoridades distritales y regionales ven\u00edan y trataban de sacarme de mi puesto de liderazgo, tratando de sembrar discordia en nuestra comunidad diciendo que estaba descuidando a la gente, que estaba recibiendo sobornos. Pero confiamos el uno en el otro y no dejamos que eso nos afectara.     <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"-\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{\"335551671\":0,\"335552541\":1,\"335559684\":-2,\"335559685\":720,\"335559991\":360,\"469769226\":\"Calibri\",\"469769242\":[8226],\"469777803\":\"left\",\"469777804\":\"-\",\"469777815\":\"hybridMultilevel\"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"0\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Buscamos activamente aliados que nos ayudaran.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> No somos un grupo grande por lo que el Gobierno podr\u00eda destruirnos si realmente quisiera, pero atrajimos cient\u00edficos rusos y extranjeros a Bikin para que lo estudiaran. Se convencieron de su singularidad y lo llamaron el Amazonas ruso, el pulm\u00f3n del hemisferio norte, demostrando que era extremadamente biodiverso y que conten\u00eda una flora y una fauna \u00fanicas y en peligro de extinci\u00f3n. Escribieron documentos sobre los motivos por los que deb\u00eda conservarse y no entregarse a las industrias.   <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"-\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{\"335551671\":0,\"335552541\":1,\"335559684\":-2,\"335559685\":720,\"335559991\":360,\"469769226\":\"Calibri\",\"469769242\":[8226],\"469777803\":\"left\",\"469777804\":\"-\",\"469777815\":\"hybridMultilevel\"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"0\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">El alto nivel de educaci\u00f3n del pueblo Udege.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Nuestros mayores nos dec\u00edan constantemente lo importante que era la educaci\u00f3n. Muchos de nosotros abandonamos Bikin para cursar estudios superiores, pero luego regresamos a nuestro pueblo. Durante la crisis de los a\u00f1os 90, [cuando la disoluci\u00f3n de la Uni\u00f3n Sovi\u00e9tica en 1991 provoc\u00f3 una crisis constitucional y financiera] en toda Rusia muchas personas con un alto nivel educativo dejaron sus peque\u00f1as aldeas para buscar trabajo en las ciudades. Sin embargo, esto no ocurri\u00f3 en el pueblo Udege. Los especialistas se quedaron y contribuyeron a su comunidad, pensando no solo en la supervivencia, sino tambi\u00e9n en el desarrollo de su pueblo.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335559739\":160,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><em><b>Gracias a nuestra experiencia y al intercambio de conocimientos entre nuestra comunidad, no cre\u00edmos las promesas vac\u00edas de los ricos y los empresarios cuando vinieron a convencernos de que vendi\u00e9ramos nuestras tierras ofreci\u00e9ndonos mejores oportunidades econ\u00f3micas e industriales. En cambio, trabajamos para intentar crear esas oportunidades por nosotros mismos.  <\/b> <\/em><\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb4888&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb el_class=\u00bbborder\u00bb margin_top_phone=\u00bb0&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1642007166464{margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 12px !important;border-left-color: #000000 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641900511477{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1663341670268{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>Un guardabosques del Parque Nacional Bikin viaja en bote a lo largo del r\u00edo Bikin. Cr\u00e9dito: Konstantin Kobyakov\/WWF Rusia. <\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h2>C\u00f3mo funciona el parque en la actualidad<\/h2>\n<p><strong><em>Pavel \u2014<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El acta constitutiva del parque establece que el Parque Nacional fue creado tanto para la preservaci\u00f3n de la naturaleza como para el desarrollo de la etnia Udege. Tambi\u00e9n asegura la existencia de un Consejo del pueblo Udege, que elegir\u00e1 al Canciller del Consejo, quien a su vez se convertir\u00e1 en el Vicepresidente del Parque. <\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Polina \u2014<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>El Consejo del pueblo Udege garantiza la participaci\u00f3n de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas en la toma de decisiones relacionadas con la protecci\u00f3n de la naturaleza y las especies silvestres, y coordina programas y proyectos que puedan afectar su forma de vida tradicional. El consejo tambi\u00e9n elabora orientaciones sobre normas y comportamientos para las comunidades locales y supervisa la preservaci\u00f3n y el uso de los conocimientos tradicionales.<span id='easy-footnote-1-4955' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/es\/como-un-grupo-indigena-en-el-lejano-oriente-de-rusia-lucho-para-proteger-sus-tierras-la-creacion-del-parque-nacional-bikin\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-4955' title=' Russian Training Center for Indigenous Peoples (2016) Strategic Development Plan for the Bikin River Basin in collaboration with the national park. Moscow: Russian Training Center for Indigenous Peoples. Disponible en: http:\/\/www.csipn.ru\/images\/stories\/documents\/Bikin_strategy.compressed.pdf'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\n<p>Los reglamentos elaborados para el manejo del parque incluyen una clara delimitaci\u00f3n de zonas, y la superficie de un mill\u00f3n de hect\u00e1reas que se ha zonificado para el manejo tradicional ind\u00edgena no se puede reducir. Todos los residentes locales conservan el derecho de visitar el parque libremente, dondequiera que vivan, y los cazadores ind\u00edgenas pueden realizar actividades econ\u00f3micas tradicionales de forma gratuita en sus tierras de caza hist\u00f3ricas. <\/p>\n<p>El resto del parque es una reserva, donde las actividades son limitadas. Pero en estas zonas, los guardabosques de Bikin, muchos de los cuales son ind\u00edgenas, trabajan para proteger la flora y la fauna en peligro de extinci\u00f3n<strong>.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<h5><em><strong>\u201cEs \u00fanico porque no se trata solo de que los pueblos ind\u00edgenas puedan vivir y usar su territorio, sino que tambi\u00e9n pueden protegerlo a t\u00edtulo oficial\u201d. <\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n<p>La mayor\u00eda de los cazadores Udege son empleados del parque. Los empleados ind\u00edgenas del parque llevan a cabo tareas relacionadas con la protecci\u00f3n y el control del territorio as\u00ed como con el monitoreo basado en la comunidad, que hace uso de los conocimientos, pr\u00e1cticas y rituales tradicionales junto con las nuevas tecnolog\u00edas y sistemas de informaci\u00f3n. Tambi\u00e9n facilitan visitas de educaci\u00f3n ambiental y turismo ecol\u00f3gico en \u00e1reas espec\u00edficas y limitadas. Los forasteros no pueden visitar el parque Bikin por s\u00ed mismos; deben ir con un guardabosques.   <\/p>\n<p>Los investigadores y representantes de organizaciones ambientales, como por ejemplo el WWF, est\u00e1n ayudando a educar a los pueblos ind\u00edgenas sobre las modernas tecnolog\u00edas de protecci\u00f3n del medio ambiente (como c\u00e1maras trampa, modernos dispositivos de navegaci\u00f3n y veh\u00edculos a\u00e9reos no tripulados o drones).[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; 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gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb2\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb class=\u00bbnomargin\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb4894&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb el_class=\u00bbborder\u00bb margin_top_phone=\u00bb0&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641901180297{margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 12px !important;border-left-color: #000000 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641900511477{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1664979897753{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>Guardabosques del parque fijan una c\u00e1mara trampa a un \u00e1rbol. Cr\u00e9dito: Ana Serduk\/WWF Russia.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]En la actualidad hay unas 700 personas que viven en la aldea de Bikin. Antes no ten\u00edan hospital, ni electricidad todo el tiempo, pero ahora tienen un hospital de \u00faltima generaci\u00f3n y electricidad las 24 horas del d\u00eda. Algunos de nuestros j\u00f3venes abandonaron la tierra, pero volvieron cuando se convirti\u00f3 en parque nacional, porque hab\u00eda trabajo para ellos.  <\/p>\n<p>El 2 de julio de 2018, el Comit\u00e9 del Patrimonio Mundial declar\u00f3 el parque parte del sitio del Patrimonio Mundial de la UNESCO en Sikhote-Alin Central, confirmando la singularidad de esta regi\u00f3n. El Parque Nacional de Bikin es la primera \u00e1rea protegida de Rusia cuyo objetivo es proteger el h\u00e1bitat y el modo de vida tradicional de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas, as\u00ed como su participaci\u00f3n en la gesti\u00f3n del parque.<\/p>\n<h2>El Parque Nacional Bikin es un ejemplo para otros<\/h2>\n<p><strong><em>Pavel \u2014<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bikin no es el \u00fanico parque nacional de Rusia en el que habitan otras etnias. Me gustar\u00eda compartir nuestra experiencia con otros parque nacionales en Rusia, porque nuestra situaci\u00f3n no es \u00fanica. <\/p>\n<p>Para establecer un autogobierno de este tipo es necesario compartir la autoridad. Y, por lo general, el Gobierno ruso no quiere compartir la autoridad, quiere ser supremo, quiere gobernar, quiere tomar el 100 % de las decisiones. No quiere delegar ni compartir el poder.  <\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Polina \u2014<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Los parques nacionales son para proteger, no para vivir, as\u00ed es como lo ve el Gobierno ruso. No se tiene derecho a cazar o pescar en el territorio ni a realizar ninguna actividad tradicional. Un ejemplo es el Parque Nacional de Shorsky, en el suroeste de Siberia: lleva el nombre del pueblo ind\u00edgena Shor que viv\u00eda all\u00ed, pero desde que se convirti\u00f3 en parque nacional, ya no pueden utilizar el territorio.  <\/p>\n<h5><em><strong>Por lo general, cuando un gobierno crea un parque nacional o un \u00e1rea protegida, los pueblos ind\u00edgenas de esa zona tienen dos opciones: o se van del territorio porque no pueden utilizarlo como quieren, o se quedan en su territorio pero no pueden seguir sus formas de vida tradicionales. Pueden quedarse, pero su identidad ind\u00edgena morir\u00e1 all\u00ed.   <\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; 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background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641900511477{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1771262463642{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>Parque Nacional Bikin al amanecer. Cr\u00e9dito: Yuri Darman\/WWF Rusia.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]<strong><em>Pavel \u2014<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El Parque Nacional en Bikin es un gran ejemplo de c\u00f3mo el manejo conjunto ind\u00edgena puede funcionar, pero obviamente fue una gran lucha llegar a este punto. Seguir\u00e1 siendo muy dif\u00edcil para otros grupos ind\u00edgenas convencer a las autoridades rusas, y creo que eso tambi\u00e9n es cierto en todo el mundo. Esperemos que al compartir m\u00e1s historias sobre el Parque Nacional Bikin, podamos convencer a otras personas (tanto a los grupos ind\u00edgenas como a los gobiernos) de que hagan lo mismo.  <\/p>\n<p>Uno de mis colegas ind\u00edgenas nos dijo que ten\u00edamos suerte, porque ten\u00edamos tigres. Y esto fue un aspecto muy importante: el tigre siberiano, el tigre de Amur, fue el que atrajo la atenci\u00f3n de Putin. Yo recomendar\u00eda a otros parques nacionales que miraran su fauna y vieran si hay algo que preservar y que tambi\u00e9n pueda ser visto como algo simb\u00f3lico.  <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cEl Parque Bikin es un territorio \u00fanico con un manejo y sistema de gobernanza \u00fanicos. Es una gran oportunidad para copiar esta pr\u00e1ctica a otro territorio en Rusia y en otras partes del mundo\u00bb.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h6>Polina Shulbaeva<\/h6>\n<h2>El futuro del Parque Nacional Bikin<\/h2>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb2\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb class=\u00bbnomargin\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb4900&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb el_class=\u00bbborder\u00bb margin_top_phone=\u00bb0&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641901180297{margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 12px !important;border-left-color: #000000 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641900511477{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1771262474733{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>Aldea en el Parque Nacional Bikin. Cr\u00e9dito: Alexander Hitrov\/WWF Rusia. <\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]<strong><em>Pavel \u2014<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Creo que el parque nacional es un buen \u00e1ngel de la guarda contra cualquier tipo de ataque violento por parte de industrias o empresas contaminantes. Lo que m\u00e1s me preocupa son los derechos del pueblo Udege. Podr\u00edan hacer algunas enmiendas a la legislaci\u00f3n que posiblemente empeorar\u00edan nuestro estado. Sin embargo, no veo ninguna tendencia de esto hasta ahora. Todo el mundo est\u00e1 contento: es un buen compromiso que satisface a todas las partes.    <\/p>\n<p>Pienso que el hecho de que se haya establecido el Consejo es excelente. Hay personas de mi etnia que pertenecen al Consejo. Participan en reuniones y toman decisiones importantes. Pero tambi\u00e9n creo que es importante aumentar su peso, su papel en la toma de decisiones dentro del Consejo. Pero tal vez esa sea la pr\u00f3xima etapa del desarrollo del parque y de la zona.    <\/p>\n<p>Espero que en el futuro cambie para mejor. Actualmente la legislaci\u00f3n requiere alg\u00fan manejo por parte de las autoridades federales, pero espero que en el futuro sea 100% manejado por el pueblo Udege. Nada sucede r\u00e1pidamente. Creo que tal vez pasar\u00e1n varias generaciones antes de que obtengamos el 100% de la administraci\u00f3n. No tenemos suficiente experiencia en este momento, por lo que con m\u00e1s experiencia y mayor capacidad, nuestra administraci\u00f3n mantendr\u00e1 su integridad y no permitir\u00e1 que la corrompan, como sucedi\u00f3 en 2007.    <\/p>\n<h5><em><strong>Si las personas exigen derechos, deben entender que es una espada de doble filo; con los derechos vienen las responsabilidades. Si se reclaman sus derechos, deben estar preparados para asumir las responsabilidades.  <\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n<p>He hablado por mi pueblo, y est\u00e1n satisfechos con la situaci\u00f3n actual. Si observamos la situaci\u00f3n que ten\u00edamos antes y lo que ocurre ahora, creo que hay una gran mejora y que hemos conseguido mucho.<\/p>\n<p>En este momento, lo que tenemos es suficiente, pero podr\u00edamos hacer m\u00e1s. El cielo es el l\u00edmite.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb bottom_margin=\u00bb24px\u00bb bottom_margin_tablet=\u00bb24px\u00bb bottom_margin_phone=\u00bb24px\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1645197819434{border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 24px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h3><strong>M\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]\n<ul>\n<li class=\"easy-footnote-single\">Parque Nacional Bikin (n.d.) \u2018About Bikin National Park\u2019<em>.<\/em> Disponible en: <a href=\"http:\/\/parkbikin.com\/\">http:\/\/parkbikin.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Federaci\u00f3n Rusa (2015) \u2018Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation November 3 2015 No. 1187, On the establishment of the Bikin National Park\u2019<em>.<\/em> Mosc\u00fa: Federaci\u00f3n Rusa<\/li>\n<li>Parque Nacional Bikin (n.d.) Report on work done by the Federal State Budgetary Institution. Parque Nacional Bikin. Disponible en: http:\/\/parkbikin.com\/netcat_files\/17\/119\/h_897547bc047c83359a726bf81e55fb65<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/6&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historia multimedia sobre la creaci\u00f3n del Parque Nacional Bikin, \u00fanico por su sistema de gesti\u00f3n que incluye grupos ind\u00edgenas y no ind\u00edgenas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":253,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"acf":{"latitude":46.309439201041073,"longitude":134.984089482397,"topic":["Conservation and sustainable use","Knowledge, culture and spirituality","Governance"],"ecosystem":"boreal","region":"Central and Eastern Europe, the Russian Federation, Central Asia and Transcaucasia","form":"long","edition":"LBO-2"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.1 - 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