{"id":18204,"date":"2026-04-28T00:14:27","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T00:14:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/revitalizacion-de-los-sistemas-alimentarios-indigenas-en-besao-provincia-montanosa-filipinas\/"},"modified":"2026-04-28T12:49:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T12:49:48","slug":"revitalizacion-de-los-sistemas-alimentarios-indigenas-en-besao-provincia-montanosa-filipinas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/localbiodiversityoutlooks.net\/es\/revitalizacion-de-los-sistemas-alimentarios-indigenas-en-besao-provincia-montanosa-filipinas\/","title":{"rendered":"Revitalizaci\u00f3n de los sistemas alimentarios ind\u00edgenas en Besao, Provincia Monta\u00f1osa, Filipinas"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00bbfull_width_background\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbcolumn_reverse\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb top_padding=\u00bb0&#8243; bottom_padding=\u00bb12px\u00bb top_padding_tablet=\u00bb0&#8243; bottom_padding_tablet=\u00bb12px\u00bb top_padding_phone=\u00bb0&#8243; bottom_padding_phone=\u00bb12px\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb shape_type=\u00bb\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h3>Hasta la d\u00e9cada de 1980, el pueblo Payew, en la Provincia Monta\u00f1osa de Filipinas, era en gran medida autosuficiente en alimentos e incluso exportaba parte de su excedente de pl\u00e1tanos y arroz. Obten\u00edan todos sus insumos agr\u00edcolas dentro de su dominio ancestral, y los pocos <em>kadangyan<\/em>, o personas con m\u00e1s tierras, contrataban mano de obra de otras comunidades.<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Esto se evidenci\u00f3 cuando la Organizaci\u00f3n de Agricultores Ind\u00edgenas Payew realiz\u00f3 su investigaci\u00f3n comunitaria entre 2022 y 2023, con el apoyo de Partners for Indigenous Knowledge Philippines (PIKP).<\/p>\n<p>Los datos fueron recopilados por cuatro j\u00f3venes madres que entrevistaron a sus mayores.<\/p>\n<p>En la actualidad, la comunidad Payew importa todo tipo de alimentos, as\u00ed como piensos y agroqu\u00edmicos.<\/p>\n<p>Su alimentaci\u00f3n proviene de las tierras cultivadas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>el <em>baangan<\/em> \u2013 las huertas situadas dentro de las zonas residenciales<\/li>\n<li>el <em>payew<\/em> \u2013 los campos de arroz irrigados<\/li>\n<li>el <em>um-a<\/em> \u2013 las tierras agr\u00edcolas rotativas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Todas estas \u00e1reas de cultivo tambi\u00e9n son h\u00e1bitats que albergan una gran biodiversidad, especialmente los arrozales, donde conviven plantas y animales acu\u00e1ticos, semiacu\u00e1ticos y terrestres.[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=\u00bbNo Line\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/4&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb top_margin=\u00bb-70&#8243; top_margin_tablet=\u00bb-70&#8243; top_margin_phone=\u00bb-70&#8243; column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/4&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1642070653817{margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 12px !important;border-left-color: #000000 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1642010418035{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1776776978146{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>Campos de arroz en terrazas en Besao, Filipinas. Un paisaje cultural de monta\u00f1a estrechamente vinculado a las aldeas cercanas, que proporciona alimentos locales cerca de donde vive la gente. Pr\u00e1cticas como el abonado en verde ayudan a mantener la fertilidad del suelo y la producci\u00f3n. Cr\u00e9dito: PIKP.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1770199587695{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Autora\/Autor<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Socios para el Conocimiento Ind\u00edgena Filipinas (Parterns for Indigenous Knowledge Philippines, PIKP)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1770202291605{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Ecosistemas<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Bosques tropicales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1776776294213{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Temas<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Alimentos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1770202378801{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Tipo<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Forma corta<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbcasestudydetails\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1770202741993{margin-top: 30px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 12px !important;border-top-color: #000000 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;}\u00bb]\n<h5><strong>Fecha<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Este estudio de caso se public\u00f3 en julio de 2024 en el informe <em data-start=\"196\" data-end=\"235\"><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\"><a href=\"https:\/\/transformativepathways.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Philippines-IPBSAP-October-2024.pdf\">The Philippine Indigenous Peoples Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan <\/a><\/span><\/span><\/em>(IPBSAP)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb2\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb class=\u00bbnomargin\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb18175&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb el_class=\u00bbborder\u00bb margin_top_phone=\u00bb0&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641901180297{margin-bottom: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 12px !important;border-left-color: #000000 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][image_with_animation image_url=\u00bb2152&#8243; animation=\u00bbNone\u00bb hover_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb alignment=\u00bb\u00bb border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb box_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb image_loading=\u00bbdefault\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00bbdefault\u00bb margin_left=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_tablet=\u00bb-17px\u00bb margin_left_phone=\u00bb-17px\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1641900511477{padding-top: 4px !important;padding-left: 24px !important;}\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1776776813774{margin-top: -30px !important;}\u00bb el_class=\u00bbimagecaption\u00bb]\n<h6>Los <em>payew<\/em>, o arrozales irrigados. Los arrozales inundados forman un sistema ecol\u00f3gico conectado en el que el agua, los nutrientes y la vida acu\u00e1tica se desplazan entre parcelas vecinas, apoyando tanto la productividad como la biodiversidad. Cr\u00e9dito: PIKP.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1&#8243; column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3&#8243; width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb border_type=\u00bbsimple\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb][vc_column_text]La comunidad obtiene alimentos complementarios de los bosques: del <em>batangan<\/em> (bosques de pinos) y del <em>pagpag<\/em> (bosques de hoja ancha); y pescados, caracoles y cangrejos del <em>ginawang<\/em> (r\u00edos).<\/p>\n<p>La fertilidad del suelo se mantiene mediante el abono verde \u2013<em>lubok<\/em> en el <em>baangan<\/em> y <em>suwat<\/em> en los arrozales irrigados\u2013, incorporando la vegetaci\u00f3n que crece alrededor de las parcelas al propio suelo.<\/p>\n<p>El compostaje se realiza en el corral de los cerdos. Aproximadamente la mitad del corral se dedica al esti\u00e9rcol de cerdo, donde se depositan todos los desechos biodegradables de la cocina junto con vegetaci\u00f3n cortada de los alrededores de la casa, con girasoles y helechos tra\u00eddos de otros lugares. Cada a\u00f1o, esta fosa de compostaje se vac\u00eda en los <em>baangan<\/em> y en los arrozales. Se sabe que la materia org\u00e1nica del suelo mejora la calidad y el tama\u00f1o de los frutas, granos, frutos secos y hortalizas, especialmente los tub\u00e9rculos como la patata.<\/p>\n<p>En el caso del <em>um-a<\/em>, permiten que la naturaleza restaure la fertilidad del suelo dejando descansar la tierra durante varios a\u00f1os antes de volver a cultivarla, o dej\u00e1ndola regenerarse por s\u00ed sola y que vuelva a formar parte del bosque.<\/p>\n<p>Los valores y pr\u00e1cticas tradicionales del sistema alimentario ind\u00edgena incluyen compartir conocimientos, semillas y cosechas, as\u00ed como cuidar el suelo, los bosques y los r\u00edos.<\/p>\n<p>Debido a diversos factores, tanto externos como internos, estas pr\u00e1cticas ind\u00edgenas se han debilitado, especialmente con la promoci\u00f3n y posterior adopci\u00f3n generalizada de la agricultura moderna, caracterizada por el monocultivo y el uso de fertilizantes sint\u00e9ticos y pesticidas petroqu\u00edmicos. Esto ha generado dependencia, cambios en la dieta y posiblemente la aparici\u00f3n de enfermedades desconocidas para los ancianos de la comunidad.<\/p>\n<p>La Organizaci\u00f3n de Agricultores Ind\u00edgenas Payew ha decidido revivir su sistema tradicional de producci\u00f3n de alimentos y la protecci\u00f3n consuetudinaria de las diferentes partes de su territorio. 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